feat(workflows): add Railway preview environment and teardown workflows (#766)
* feat(workflows): add Railway preview environment and teardown workflows * fix(workflows): enhance security by binding branch names to env variables in Railway workflows * fix(workflows): ensure preview URLs are live by blocking on service healthchecks during deployment * temp: auto-run railway-preview.yml on push for demo recording workflow_dispatch requires the file on the default branch before "Run workflow" is available; add a scoped push trigger + input fallbacks so this branch can produce a real run to record. Revert before merge. * fix(workflows): pass --workspace to railway link for non-interactive CI Railway CLI now requires --workspace when running `railway link` non-interactively; without it the preview workflow fails at the link step. Defaults to the "cio projects" workspace the staging project lives in, overridable via a RAILWAY_WORKSPACE repo variable. * fix(workflows): read RAILWAY_PROJECT_ID from secrets, not vars It's configured as a repository secret (has been for weeks), but the workflow read it via the vars context, which is a separate namespace and always resolved empty -> railway link failed with Project "" not found. Read it via secrets to match how it's actually stored. * fix(workflows): pass --workspace to environment new/delete, stop masking failures railway environment new needed --workspace in non-interactive mode too (same as railway link), but its failure was unconditionally swallowed by `|| echo`, so the workflow proceeded to "Link" as if the preview environment existed when it never got created. Add --workspace to both environment new and environment delete, and only swallow the "already exists" case -- any other failure now fails the run where it actually happened instead of surfacing as a confusing error two steps later. * fix(workflows): stop passing --project/--workspace to railway environment new/delete Verified against the actual CLI (railway environment new --help / delete --help): those subcommands take NO --project/--workspace/--environment flags at all, and were silently rejecting them, which is why environment creation kept failing and getting masked by the fallback echo. Only `railway link` accepts --project/--workspace/--environment, so link to the base project first, then create/delete environments by name, then re-link to switch into the new one for deploy. * fix(workflows): force path-style addressing for mc against Railway's MinIO domain mc alias set defaults to --path auto, which can pick virtual-host-style bucket addressing (bucket.host/key). Railway's edge only routes the exact configured domain, not wildcard bucket subdomains, so mb then fails with a misleading "specified bucket does not exist" even though the alias/auth check (a GET) succeeds. Force --path on, matching the app's own OBJECT_STORAGE_FORCE_PATH_STYLE=true for this same endpoint. * chore: retrigger preview workflow after fixing cio-minio start command staging's cio-minio now has the correct Custom Start Command, and the stale pr-chore-staging-setup preview env (duplicated before that fix) has been deleted. Empty commit to trigger a fresh deploy run. * fix(workflows): generate cio-minio's public domain in the preview env Confirmed staging's cio-minio has its own domain, but environment duplication doesn't carry it to the new preview environment, so RAILWAY_PUBLIC_DOMAIN came back empty there and produced an invalid "https://" alias URL. Generate one in CI, same as the existing cio-dashboard domain step, pinned to port 9000 since the minio/minio image exposes both the S3 API (9000) and console (9001). * chore(workflows): revert temp push-trigger testing scaffold, trim comments Remove the push trigger and || fallback expressions added solely to get a run before this file exists on main (workflow_dispatch requires that for the "Run workflow" UI). Back to workflow_dispatch-only, with comments trimmed from a debugging narrative down to the durable facts future readers need. All real fixes found during testing (link --workspace, secrets vs vars, environment new/delete flag handling, mc --path on, cio-minio domain generation) are unchanged. * fix(workflows): fix teardown link/secrets bugs, harden domain reads railway-preview-teardown.yml had the same class of bugs already found and fixed in railway-preview.yml during testing: - RAILWAY_PROJECT_ID read from vars.* while the deploy workflow (and the actual GitHub config) uses secrets.* — always resolved empty. - environment delete was called without linking first, and passed an unsupported --project flag; the resulting CLI error was swallowed by `|| echo`, so teardown silently no-opped on every run and every preview environment leaked indefinitely. Also hardens railway-preview.yml against a repeat of the cio-minio domain bug: two other "generate domain, then read it back" spots (cio-minio bucket seeding, cio-dashboard's final URL report) had the same unguarded `|| true` swallow with no check that the resulting host is non-empty. Both now fail loudly instead of silently proceeding — the dashboard one matters most since it's the final step and would otherwise report success with a broken link. Resolves the now-verified SPIKE comment on environment duplication, and trims a few comments that restated code instead of explaining non-obvious behavior. * fix(workflows): address CodeRabbit findings on preview lifecycle - Unify concurrency groups between deploy and teardown (was railway-preview-<branch> vs railway-preview-teardown-<branch>, so they never coordinated). A PR-close teardown and a manual deploy for the same branch could otherwise race, letting a deploy recreate an environment right after teardown deleted it. - Pin the Railway CLI to 5.30.1 (the version verified against all session) in both workflows, instead of an unpinned `npm install -g` that could silently pick up different undocumented CLI behavior later, same class of bug this session hit repeatedly. - Append a short hash of the original branch string to the derived environment name in both workflows. The slug alone is lossy (/, _, and . all collapse to the same separator), so e.g. "foo/bar" and "foo_bar" previously collided onto the same environment name. * fix(workflows): scope teardown job to same-repo PRs only The header comment already documented that this only applies to same-repo branches (secrets are withheld from fork PR runs), but nothing enforced it -- the job ran on every closed PR including forks, where the empty RAILWAY_API_TOKEN/RAILWAY_PROJECT_ID made railway link fail with an auth error and show a red run for a PR that never had a preview environment to clean up. * docs: migrate RAILWAY_PREVIEW.md to PREVIEW_ENV.md Replace docker/docs/RAILWAY_PREVIEW.md with PREVIEW_ENV.md at the repo root, restructured per PR review feedback around the two things a reader actually needs: how to deploy to staging, and how to deploy a PR to a preview environment. Drops the one-time Railway project setup section (not needed on this page, per review). --------- Co-authored-by: Rotimi Best <best@classroomio.com>
This commit is contained in:
Abdulmuizz Hamzat
co-authored by
Rotimi Best
Rotimi Best
parent
c01b8dea3c
commit
73f39da54a
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
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name: Railway Preview Teardown
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# Auto-delete a preview environment created by railway-preview.yml when its PR closes,
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# so manually-spun previews don't linger and accrue Railway cost. (Native Railway PR
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# environments clean themselves up; this covers the pr-<branch> envs made by the manual
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# workflow.) Deletion is best-effort — if no matching env exists, the run is a no-op.
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#
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# Uses the same RAILWAY_API_TOKEN + RAILWAY_PROJECT_ID secrets as the deploy workflow.
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# Note: secrets are unavailable to PRs from forks, so this only tears down previews for
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# same-repo branches (which is where manual previews come from anyway).
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on:
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pull_request:
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types: [closed]
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concurrency:
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group: railway-preview-${{ github.event.pull_request.head.ref }}
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cancel-in-progress: false
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jobs:
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teardown:
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runs-on: ubuntu-latest
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if: github.event.pull_request.head.repo.full_name == github.repository
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env:
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RAILWAY_API_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.RAILWAY_API_TOKEN }}
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RAILWAY_PROJECT_ID: ${{ secrets.RAILWAY_PROJECT_ID }}
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RAILWAY_WORKSPACE: ${{ vars.RAILWAY_WORKSPACE || 'cio projects' }}
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BASE_ENV: ${{ vars.RAILWAY_BASE_ENV || 'staging' }}
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steps:
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- name: Install Railway CLI
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run: npm install -g @railway/cli@5.30.1
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- name: Link to base project
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# `railway environment delete` takes no --project/--workspace/--environment
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# flags — only `railway link` does, so it must run first to establish that
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# context (same requirement as railway-preview.yml).
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run: |
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railway link --project "$RAILWAY_PROJECT_ID" --workspace "$RAILWAY_WORKSPACE" --environment "$BASE_ENV"
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- name: Delete the preview environment
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# Mirror the name derivation in railway-preview.yml so the env name matches.
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# HEAD_REF is bound via env (not interpolated into the script) so a malicious
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# branch name can never be executed as shell — Actions expands ${{ }} as text
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# BEFORE bash parses it, so a raw `${{ ...head.ref }}` here is a script-injection hole.
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env:
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HEAD_REF: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.ref }}
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run: |
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slug=$(echo "$HEAD_REF" | tr '[:upper:]/_.' '[:lower:]---' | sed 's/[^a-z0-9-]//g' | sed 's/--*/-/g; s/^-//; s/-$//')
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hash=$(echo -n "$HEAD_REF" | sha256sum | cut -c1-8)
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env_name="pr-${slug}-${hash}"
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echo "Attempting to delete environment: ${env_name}"
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if ! output=$(railway environment delete "${env_name}" --yes 2>&1); then
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echo "$output"
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if echo "$output" | grep -qi "not found"; then
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echo "No matching preview environment (or already deleted) — nothing to do."
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else
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exit 1
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fi
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else
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echo "$output"
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fi
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@@ -0,0 +1,213 @@
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name: Railway Preview Environment
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# Manually spin up (or tear down) a short-lived Railway preview environment for a
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# branch/PR, without waiting for a merge. Railway builds each app service FROM SOURCE
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# (docker/Dockerfile.*) so the preview runs the branch's exact code — this is the
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# controlled counterpart to Railway's native PR environments.
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#
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# Prerequisites (one-time):
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# - A Railway project (e.g. "classroomio-staging") whose `staging` environment is
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# fully configured (Postgres, Redis, cio-minio, cio-api, cio-dashboard, cio-jobs).
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# - Repo/Org secret RAILWAY_API_TOKEN -> a Railway ACCOUNT or TEAM token (NOT a
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# project token; env-scoped project tokens can't create environments).
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# - Repo/Org secret RAILWAY_PROJECT_ID -> the target project's id.
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# - Repo/Org variable RAILWAY_WORKSPACE -> the Railway workspace the project lives in
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# (default: "cio projects"); required by `railway link` in non-interactive mode.
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# - Repo/Org variable RAILWAY_BASE_ENV -> the env to duplicate from (default: staging).
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#
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# The DB needs no explicit migration step here: the cio-api image self-migrates on boot
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# (docker/entrypoint-api.sh -> `pnpm --filter @cio/db db:setup`, which runs drizzle
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# migrations + essential seed). The optional `seed` input adds the full demo dataset.
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on:
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workflow_dispatch:
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inputs:
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branch:
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description: "Branch (or PR head ref) to deploy into the preview env"
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required: true
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type: string
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action:
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description: "deploy = create/update the preview; destroy = delete it"
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required: true
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type: choice
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default: deploy
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options:
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- deploy
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- destroy
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seed:
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description: "Seed the full demo dataset (admin@test.com etc.) after deploy"
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required: false
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type: boolean
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default: true
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# One run per branch at a time; a newer run supersedes an in-flight one.
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concurrency:
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group: railway-preview-${{ inputs.branch }}
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cancel-in-progress: true
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env:
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RAILWAY_API_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.RAILWAY_API_TOKEN }}
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RAILWAY_PROJECT_ID: ${{ secrets.RAILWAY_PROJECT_ID }}
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RAILWAY_WORKSPACE: ${{ vars.RAILWAY_WORKSPACE || 'cio projects' }}
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BASE_ENV: ${{ vars.RAILWAY_BASE_ENV || 'staging' }}
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# The three app services that build from source. Postgres/Redis/cio-minio come along
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# via environment duplication and need no `railway up`.
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APP_SERVICES: "cio-api cio-dashboard cio-jobs"
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jobs:
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preview:
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runs-on: ubuntu-latest
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steps:
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- name: Checkout target branch
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uses: actions/checkout@v4
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with:
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ref: ${{ inputs.branch }}
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- name: Install Railway CLI
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run: npm install -g @railway/cli@5.30.1
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- name: Derive a safe environment name
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id: env
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# BRANCH is bound via env (not interpolated into the script) so an attacker-supplied
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# value can't be executed as shell. "feat/foo_bar" -> "pr-feat-foo-bar-<hash>" — the
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# slug alone is lossy (e.g. "foo/bar" and "foo_bar" both slug to "foo-bar"), so a
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# hash of the original branch string disambiguates collisions.
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env:
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BRANCH: ${{ inputs.branch }}
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run: |
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slug=$(echo "$BRANCH" | tr '[:upper:]/_.' '[:lower:]---' | sed 's/[^a-z0-9-]//g' | sed 's/--*/-/g; s/^-//; s/-$//')
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hash=$(echo -n "$BRANCH" | sha256sum | cut -c1-8)
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echo "name=pr-${slug}-${hash}" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
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- name: Link to base project
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# `railway environment new`/`delete` take no --project/--workspace/--environment
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# flags — only `railway link` does, so it must run first to establish that
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# context for every other command in this job.
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run: |
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railway link --project "$RAILWAY_PROJECT_ID" --workspace "$RAILWAY_WORKSPACE" --environment "$BASE_ENV"
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# ---------------------------------------------------------------- destroy
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- name: Destroy preview environment
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if: ${{ inputs.action == 'destroy' }}
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env:
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ENV_NAME: ${{ steps.env.outputs.name }}
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run: |
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railway environment delete "$ENV_NAME" --yes
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echo "Deleted environment $ENV_NAME." >> "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
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# ---------------------------------------------------------------- deploy
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- name: Create preview environment (duplicate base)
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if: ${{ inputs.action == 'deploy' }}
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# `--duplicate` copies service config and variables but not public domains (see
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# domain-generation steps below). Only "already exists" is swallowed here — any
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# other failure must surface, not silently continue into a "Link" step that can't
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# find an environment that was never created.
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env:
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ENV_NAME: ${{ steps.env.outputs.name }}
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run: |
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if ! output=$(railway environment new "$ENV_NAME" --duplicate "$BASE_ENV" 2>&1); then
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echo "$output"
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if echo "$output" | grep -qi "already exists"; then
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echo "Environment may already exist; continuing."
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else
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exit 1
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fi
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else
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echo "$output"
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fi
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- name: Link project + preview environment
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if: ${{ inputs.action == 'deploy' }}
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env:
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ENV_NAME: ${{ steps.env.outputs.name }}
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run: |
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railway link --project "$RAILWAY_PROJECT_ID" --workspace "$RAILWAY_WORKSPACE" --environment "$ENV_NAME"
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- name: Pin the Dockerfile per service
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if: ${{ inputs.action == 'deploy' }}
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# `railway up` uploads local source but does NOT carry the dashboard's "Dockerfile
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# Path" build setting, so without this Railway falls back to Railpack and builds
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# the whole monorepo as a generic Node app. (Same gotcha documented in the setup guide.)
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run: |
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railway variables --service cio-api --set "RAILWAY_DOCKERFILE_PATH=docker/Dockerfile.api"
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railway variables --service cio-dashboard --set "RAILWAY_DOCKERFILE_PATH=docker/Dockerfile.dashboard"
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railway variables --service cio-jobs --set "RAILWAY_DOCKERFILE_PATH=docker/Dockerfile.jobs"
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- name: Seed MinIO buckets (fresh volume starts empty)
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if: ${{ inputs.action == 'deploy' }}
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# Railway has no minio-init sidecar and a duplicated env's MinIO volume is empty,
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# so create the buckets the app expects. Root creds carry over via duplication,
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# but the public domain doesn't, so generate one here (same as "Report the preview
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# URL" does for cio-dashboard). `--ignore-existing` keeps re-deploys safe.
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run: |
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# --port 9000: the minio/minio image exposes both 9000 (S3 API) and 9001
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# (console); pin it so domain generation doesn't land on the wrong one.
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railway domain --service cio-minio --port 9000 || true
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# `cut -d= -f2-` (not `awk -F= '{print $2}'`) so a value containing '=' — common in
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# base64/auto-generated secrets like MINIO_ROOT_PASSWORD — isn't silently truncated.
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MINIO_HOST=$(railway variables --service cio-minio --kv | grep '^RAILWAY_PUBLIC_DOMAIN=' | cut -d= -f2-)
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MINIO_USER=$(railway variables --service cio-minio --kv | grep '^MINIO_ROOT_USER=' | cut -d= -f2-)
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MINIO_PASS=$(railway variables --service cio-minio --kv | grep '^MINIO_ROOT_PASSWORD=' | cut -d= -f2-)
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if [ -z "$MINIO_HOST" ]; then
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echo "::error::cio-minio has no public domain — 'railway domain' may have failed."
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exit 1
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fi
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# Verify mc against MinIO's published SHA256 before executing it.
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curl -sSL https://dl.min.io/client/mc/release/linux-amd64/mc -o mc
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curl -sSL https://dl.min.io/client/mc/release/linux-amd64/mc.sha256sum -o mc.sha256sum
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echo "$(cut -d' ' -f1 mc.sha256sum) mc" | sha256sum -c -
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chmod +x mc
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# --path on forces path-style bucket addressing (host/bucket/key), same as the
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# app's own OBJECT_STORAGE_FORCE_PATH_STYLE=true — this Railway domain doesn't
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# route wildcard bucket subdomains, so virtual-host style (mc's "auto" default)
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# fails bucket creation with a misleading "does not exist" error.
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./mc alias set cio "https://${MINIO_HOST}" "$MINIO_USER" "$MINIO_PASS" --path on
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./mc mb cio/videos cio/documents cio/media --ignore-existing
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./mc anonymous set download cio/media
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- name: Deploy each app service from this branch
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if: ${{ inputs.action == 'deploy' }}
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# `--ci` (not `--detach`) blocks until each service's deploy/healthcheck succeeds,
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# so the URL printed later is actually live. Trade-off: builds run sequentially.
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run: |
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for svc in $APP_SERVICES; do
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echo "::group::railway up $svc"
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railway up --service "$svc" --ci
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echo "::endgroup::"
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done
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- name: Seed the full demo dataset (optional)
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if: ${{ inputs.action == 'deploy' && inputs.seed }}
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# SPIKE: `railway run` injects the service's env vars and runs the command ON THIS
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# RUNNER, so it needs a DB URL reachable from GitHub (Railway's public TCP proxy,
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# DATABASE_PUBLIC_URL) — NOT the private railway.internal one. If cio-api only
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# exposes a private DATABASE_URL, add DATABASE_PUBLIC_URL to this step, or drop
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# this step and rely on the api boot-time db:setup (migrations + essential seed).
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run: |
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corepack enable
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railway run --service cio-api -- pnpm --filter @cio/db db:setup:seed || \
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echo "Demo seed failed (likely DB not reachable from runner) — migrations + essential seed still ran on api boot."
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- name: Report the preview URL
|
||||||
|
if: ${{ inputs.action == 'deploy' }}
|
||||||
|
# BRANCH / ENV_NAME bound via env (never interpolated into the script).
|
||||||
|
env:
|
||||||
|
BRANCH: ${{ inputs.branch }}
|
||||||
|
ENV_NAME: ${{ steps.env.outputs.name }}
|
||||||
|
run: |
|
||||||
|
railway domain --service cio-dashboard || true
|
||||||
|
URL=$(railway variables --service cio-dashboard --kv | grep '^RAILWAY_PUBLIC_DOMAIN=' | cut -d= -f2-)
|
||||||
|
if [ -z "$URL" ]; then
|
||||||
|
echo "::error::cio-dashboard has no public domain — 'railway domain' may have failed."
|
||||||
|
exit 1
|
||||||
|
fi
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
echo "### Railway preview ready :rocket:"
|
||||||
|
echo ""
|
||||||
|
echo "- Environment: \`$ENV_NAME\` (branch \`$BRANCH\`)"
|
||||||
|
echo "- Dashboard: https://${URL}"
|
||||||
|
echo ""
|
||||||
|
echo "> All services passed their Railway deploy/healthcheck before this link was printed, so it should be live now."
|
||||||
|
echo ""
|
||||||
|
echo "Tear down with this workflow using **action = destroy** and the same branch."
|
||||||
|
} >> "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
|
||||||
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
|
|||||||
|
# Railway Staging & PR Preview Environments
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
ClassroomIO's production SaaS runs on Render + Cloudflare — **not** Railway. This
|
||||||
|
setup adds a **separate, internal Railway project** that provides a long-lived **staging**
|
||||||
|
environment plus **short-lived preview environments** for testing a branch/PR of the full
|
||||||
|
stack (api, dashboard, jobs, Postgres, Redis, MinIO) before it merges to `main`.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Real users are never routed here; it's a team-only sandbox.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## How to deploy to staging
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Push or merge your change to the branch connected to the staging environment (staging). Railway
|
||||||
|
picks it up automatically and redeploys — no manual step required.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## How to deploy a PR to a preview environment
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Two mechanisms, both enabled:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
| | Native PR environments | Manual workflow (`railway-preview.yml`) |
|
||||||
|
|---|---|---|
|
||||||
|
| Trigger | Automatic on every opened PR | You run it from the **Actions** tab |
|
||||||
|
| Teardown | Automatic on PR merge/close | `action = destroy`, or auto via `railway-preview-teardown.yml` on PR close |
|
||||||
|
| Control | Whole base env is duplicated | Same, but you choose when and can re-seed the DB |
|
||||||
|
| Requires | App services connected to the GitHub repo (Dockerfile builder) | A Railway account/team token in CI |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
> A service that deploys from a **fixed Docker Hub image tag can never get a PR preview** —
|
||||||
|
> an image tag has no branch. That's why the Railway app services build **from the repo**
|
||||||
|
> via `docker/Dockerfile.*`, not from `docker-compose.images.yaml`.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Using the manual workflow
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
> 🎥 Demo video: TODO
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Actions → "Railway Preview Environment" → Run workflow:**
|
||||||
|
- `branch` — the branch/PR head to deploy.
|
||||||
|
- `action` — `deploy` (create/update) or `destroy` (delete).
|
||||||
|
- `seed` — also load the full demo dataset (`admin@test.com` etc.); migrations + essential
|
||||||
|
seed always run on api boot regardless.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The run prints the preview dashboard URL in its job **summary**. The env is named
|
||||||
|
`pr-<branch-slug>`.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The deploy step runs `railway up --ci` (no `--detach`), which streams build logs and **blocks until
|
||||||
|
each service passes its deploy/healthcheck** before the next one starts — so the printed URL is live
|
||||||
|
the moment the run finishes, and a failed healthcheck fails the run rather than reporting a broken
|
||||||
|
preview.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## Database behavior
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- Each environment has its **own isolated Postgres** — previews start fresh.
|
||||||
|
- `cio-api` **self-migrates on boot** (`docker/entrypoint-api.sh` → `pnpm --filter @cio/db
|
||||||
|
db:setup` → `drizzle-kit migrate` + essential seed). No manual migrate step needed.
|
||||||
|
- **The branch must include a committed Drizzle migration** (`pnpm --filter @cio/db
|
||||||
|
db:generate`) — the boot path runs committed migrations only, not schema `push`.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## Verify before relying on it (spike, do on a throwaway env)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Railway's docs are thin on a couple of points the workflow depends on — confirm these once:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. **`railway environment new --duplicate <env>` copies service config *and* variables.**
|
||||||
|
If your CLI version lacks `--duplicate`, use the GraphQL
|
||||||
|
`environmentCreate(sourceEnvironmentId)` mutation instead.
|
||||||
|
2. **A duplicated env's Postgres starts empty** (so boot migration builds a clean schema).
|
||||||
|
3. **The demo-seed step's DB reachability.** `railway run` executes on the GitHub runner, so
|
||||||
|
it needs a DB URL reachable from CI (Railway's public TCP proxy `DATABASE_PUBLIC_URL`),
|
||||||
|
not the private `railway.internal` one. If unreachable, drop the seed step and rely on the
|
||||||
|
boot-time essential seed. These caveats are marked `# SPIKE:` in `railway-preview.yml`.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## Cost
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Every environment (staging + each preview) runs the full 6 services incl. a MinIO volume, so
|
||||||
|
previews are not free while alive. Destroy them promptly — the teardown workflow handles PR
|
||||||
|
close automatically; use `action = destroy` for previews whose PR is still open.
|
||||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user